Do Tunnel boring mud system in Discount?

With mud system for tunnel boring,GN solids control will give best solution

About the way will be called shield for soft soil layer will be used for rock formation called the TBM Slurry Treatment plant.Shield is generally separated into hand-leg-shield, TBM Slurry Treatment plant squeeze Shield, Shield semi-mechanical (partial pressure, global atmospheric pressure), mechanical shield (thoracotomy cutting shield, according to the working principle of mud pressure shield, pneumatic shield ,mixed shield, EPB shield,  shaped shield).

With shield TBM slurry system construction machine,when with a high degree of automation, to save manpower, construction speed, into the climate,a hole,  and excavation of ground subsidence TBM sludge and slurry separate system can control to reduce the impact of buildings on the ground and the excavation under water, It doesn’t affect the water transport characteristics, long tunnel hole in the line, depth at large, with the shield machine construction more economical and reasonable.

For basic principle of shield machine,it’s a cylinder of steel components along the tunnel axis side forward side of the soil excavation. That component of the cylinder housing shield, TBM MUD separation plant plays a role in temporary support has been excavated tunnel lining segments with stand the pressure of the surrounding soil, TBM slurry treatment System groundwater and sometimes subjected to pressure and will stand in the groundwater outside. Mining, dump, Tunnel boring mud system lining and other operations carried out under cover of the shield.

With more detail about solids control system and sludge treatment,please view at GN solids control

Soft ground TBM

In soft ground with very high water pressure or where ground conditions are granular (sands and gravels) so much so that a plug could not be formed in the Archimedes screw, Slurry Shield TBMs are needed. The cutterhead is filled with pressurised slurry which applies hydrostatic pressure to the excavation face. The slurry also acts as a transport medium by mixing with the excavated material before being pumped out of the cutterhead back to a slurry separation plant, usually outside of the tunnel. Slurry separation plants are multi-stage filtration systems, which remove particles of spoil from the slurry so that it may be reused in the construction process. The limit to which slurry can be ‘cleaned’ depends on the particle size of the excavated material. For this reason, slurry TBMs are not suitable for silts and clays as the particle sizes of the spoil are less than that of the bentonite clay from which the slurry is made. In this case, the slurry is separated into water, which can be recycled and a clay cake, which may be polluted, is pressed from the water.

Open face TBMs in soft ground rely on the fact that the face of the ground being excavated will stand up with no support for a short period of time. This makes them suitable for use in rock types with a strength of up to 10MPa or so, and with low water inflows. Face sizes in excess of 10 metres can be excavated in this manner. The face is excavated using a backactor arm or cutter head to within 150mm of the edge of the shield. The shield is jacked forwards and cutters on the front of the shield cut the remaining ground to the same circular shape. Ground support is provided by use of precast concrete, or occasionally SGI (Spheroidal Graphite Iron), segments that are bolted or supported until a full ring of support has been erected. A final segment, called the key, is wedge-shaped, and expands the ring until it is tight against the circular cut of the ground left behind by cutters on the TBM shield. Many variations of this type of TBM exist.

 

While the use of TBMs relieves the need for large numbers of workers at high pressures, a caisson system is sometimes formed at the cutting head for slurry shield TBMs. Workers entering this space for inspection, maintenance and repair need to be medically cleared as “fit to dive” and trained in the operation of the locks.

With more interested about mud management,please check at GN solids control

Drilling waste solidification

Solidification unit is an regular wat to treat material,GN solids control supply relate equipment

Solidification is an appropriate treatment method for highly concentrated, or difficult to treat waste stream which do not respond well to conventional wastewater treatment methods. Transport and off-site treatment of liquid waste can add up to high disposal costs. Solidification provides a cost benefit by converting liquid hazardous waste into solid, often non-hazardous waste material. Solidified material can be transported off-site as a solid waste.

The solidification process requires pre-selected solidification chemistry be added to the waste. The chemistry is mixed into the waste and within minutes the material is converted into a solid by stabilization of all free liquids.

The solidification process operates as a continuous flow treatment. Liquid waste material is pumped to the solidification unit. A chemical feed system introduces the solidification agent into the liquid waste at the required dosage rate. The liquid waste and solidification chemistry are thoroughly mixed. A steady flow of solidified material is deposited into a roll off bin for offsite disposal.

Each waste type/stabilization process combination can be further categorized according to one of several treatment levels based on regulatory regimes/disposal scenarios that are applicable now or might be in the near future. The three categories are:

Treatment Level A: Treatment to present commercial mixed waste disposal facility requirements. Since there is only one such facility presently operating in the Envirocare of Utah – the requirements for disposal at that facility are used in this document. These requirements comply with present RCRA LDRs and with NRC’s Class A LLW minimum requirements.

Treatment Level B: Treatment to typical RCRA requirements (present or future) that might be applied to mixed waste disposal facilities at some time in the future, based on proposed or pending regulations, as well as developments in the RCRA Corrective Action and CERCLA areas. This includes more stringent metals leaching levels, and higher strength specifications.

Treatment Level C: Treatment to NRC requirements or recommendations for low-level radioactive waste solidification waste form stability requirements (Classes B and C LLW) for cement and noncement waste forms. More stringent ANS 16.1 leachability standards may be required at specific site, for example, Westinghouse Savannah River Company.

The reasoning behind this further sort of classification is that all of these processes have been developed with some set of criteria in mind, but not the same set for all processes. For example, the PAT, SP, and PE processes were designed to produce moderate to high strength monoliths that would meet NRC requirements, while most Grout processes produces low to moderate strength waste forms that may be either granular and soil-like to meet the Envirocare Waste Acceptance Criteria (WAC) (Class A LLW), or monolithic to meet NRC Classes B and C LLW cement waste form requirements.

GN solids control supply solidification unit,more detail please check our website

Drilling waste management

GN focus on drilling waste management

Oil and gas producers face a significant problem with managing the waste generated in the drilling process.  A single well can produce up to 1,200 tons of waste.  This waste is comprised of drilling mud, which is injected into the well to lubricate and cool the drill head, and drill cuttings – the broken bits of rock and soil cut away in the drilling process and circulated up to the surface by the mud.

 

The oil content of this waste ranges from 10-30%, representing a significant cost if not recovered.  Furthermore, disposal of drilling waste is receiving intensifying scrutiny from regulators and environmental agencies.  Historically buried or landfilled, the high oil content in drilling waste has been proven detrimental to the environment

Self-Lifting Mud Recycling System
Self-Lifting Mud Recycling System

Before the introduction of mechanical solids-removal equipment, dilution was used to control solids content in the drilling fluid. The typical dilution procedure calls for dumping a portion of the active drilling-fluid volume to a waste pit and then diluting the solids concentration in the remaining fluid by adding the appropriate base fluid, such as water or synthetic oil.

 

Using solids-control equipment to minimize dilution has been a standard practice for the drilling industry for more than 60 years. Equipment and methods have changed over that time, but the fundamentals behind the process have not:

 

Solids concentration matters—increasing solids content is detrimental to fluid performance.

Economics matter—mechanical removal of solids costs less than dilution.

Volume matters—the volume of waste generated is indicative of performance.

Size matters—fine solids are the most detrimental and difficult to remove.

Stokes’ law matters—viscosity and density affect gravity separations.

Shaker-screen selection matters—shaker screens make the only separation based on size.

Footprint matters—the space available for equipment on rigs always is limited.

 

Increasing solids concentration in drilling fluid is a problem for the operator, the drilling contractor, and the fluids provider. It is well established that increasing solids content in a drilling fluid leads to a lower rate of penetration (ROP). Other problems that are related to excessive solids concentration include:

 

High viscosity and gel strengths.

High torque and drag.

Lost circulation caused by higher equivalent circulating density (ECD).

Less efficient drilling hydraulics.

Abrasion and wear on pump fluid ends.

Production loss caused by formation damage from filtrate or solids invasion.

Stuck pipe caused by filtrate loss.

Poor cement jobs caused by excessive filter cakes.

Generation of excessive drilling waste.

Higher drilling-fluid maintenance costs.

GN provide Solid control equipment and package solution for Drilling waste management

Trenchless technology and GN solids control

As solids control equipment producer,GN’s product use for HDD a lot

Trenchless technology is a type of subsurface construction work that requires few trenches or no continuous trenches. Solids control as main part of it,as equipment to give support ,It is a rapidly growing sector of the construction and civil engineering industry. It can be defined as “a family of methods, materials, and equipment capable of being used for the installation of new or replacement or rehabilitation of existing underground infrastructure with minimal disruption to surface traffic, business, and other activities

GN500 GPM mud recycling system for HDD
GN500 GPM mud recycling system for HDD

Trenchless construction includes such construction methods as tunneling, microtunneling (MTM), horizontal directional drilling (HDD) also known as directional boring, pipe ramming (PR), pipe jacking (PJ), moling, horizontal auger boring (HAB) and other methods for the installation of pipelines and cables below the ground with minimal excavation. Large diameter tunnels such as those constructed by a tunnel boring machine (TBM), and drilling and blasting techniques are larger versions of subsurface construction. The difference between trenchless and other subsurface construction techniques depends upon the size of the passage under construction.

The method requires considering soil characteristics and the loads applied to the surface. In cases where the soil is sandy, the water table is at shallow depth, or heavy loads like that of urban traffic are expected, the depth of excavation has to be such that the pressure of the load on the surface does not affect the bore, otherwise there is danger of surface caving in.

Trenchless rehabilitation includes such construction methods as sliplining, thermoformed pipe, pipe bursting, shotcrete, gunite, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP), grout-in-place pipe, mechanical spot repair, and other methods for the repair, rehabilitation, or replacement of existing buried pipes and structures without excavation, or at least with minimal excavation. Mechanical spot repair is applied where damaged pipelines require the re-instatement of structural integrity. Sliplining, CIPP, and thermoformed pipe lining involve pulling or inverting a new liner into an existing pipe, then applying heat and/or pressure to force the liner to expand to fill the pipe. CIPP technologies combine a carrier (felt or fibreglass) impregnated with heat, ultraviolet light, or ambient curable resin to form a “pipe within a pipe”. Pipe bursting fractures a pipe from the inside and forces the fragments outwards while a new pipe is drawn in to replace the old.[2] The other methods are primarily for fixing spot leaks. Trenchless rehabilitation methods are generally more cost-effective than traditional exhume (dig) and replace methods.

With trenchless technology was used in all over the world,GN solids control can give more equipment and solution support

Heat treatment shaker basket and G force acceptability

G force acceptability is important for shale shaker,GN engineer use heat treating to make it higher,up to 8.0G

Heat treating (or heat treatment) is a group of industrial and metalworking processes used to alter the physical, and sometimes chemical, properties of a material. The most common application is metallurgical. Heat treatments are also used in the manufacture of many other materials, such as glass. Heat treatment involves the use of heating or chilling, normally to extreme temperatures, to achieve a desired result such as hardening or softening of a material. Heat treatment techniques include annealing, case hardening, precipitation strengthening, tempering, normalizing and quenching. It is noteworthy that while the term heat treatment applies only to processes where the heating and cooling are done for the specific purpose of altering properties intentionally, heating and cooling often occur incidentally during other manufacturing processes such as hot forming or welding.

The purpose of heat treating carbon steel is to change the mechanical properties of steel, usually ductility, hardness, yield strength, or impact resistance. Note that the electrical and thermal conductivity are only slightly altered. As with most strengthening techniques for steel, Young’s modulus (elasticity) is unaffected. All treatments of steel trade ductility for increased strength and vice versa. Iron has a higher solubility for carbon in the austenite phase; therefore all heat treatments, except spheroidizing and process annealing, start by heating the steel to a temperature at which the austenitic phase can exist. The steel is then quenched (heat drawn out) at a moderate to low rate allowing carbon to diffuse out of the austenite forming iron-carbide (cementite) to precipitate leaving ferrite, or at a high rate, trapping the carbon within the iron thus forming martensite. The rate at which the steel is cooled through the eutectoid temperature (about 727°C) affects the rate at which carbon diffuses out of austenite and forms cementite. Generally speaking, cooling swiftly will leave iron carbide finely dispersed and produce a fine grained pearlite and cooling slowly will give a coarser pearlite. Cooling a hypoeutectoid steel (less than 0.77 wt% C) results in a lamellar-pearlitic structure of iron carbide layers with α-ferrite (nearly pure iron) between. If it is hypereutectoid steel (more than 0.77 wt% C) then the structure is full pearlite with small grains (larger than the pearlite lamella) of cementite formed on the grain boundaries. A eutectoid steel (0.77% carbon) will have a pearlite structure throughout the grains with no cementite at the boundaries. The relative amounts of constituents are found using the lever rule.

Higher G force acceptability means Service life of shaker is longer,same time means maintenance less for final user,can save time and repurchase cost.

Solids control for Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) system

GN’s solid control equipment can use for many kind of area,HDD was a sample

GN Solids Control is a top manufacturer of Horizontal Directional Drilling(HDD) Mud Equipment/HDD Mud Recycling System.

Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) is a specialized technique used to drill for road bores, utility crossings and under water ways. When the inclination of a wellbore is measured and proven to be horizontal in nature, HDD techniques are used to drill into these hard to reach and challenging areas.

HDD need ensures that infrastructure lines, such as pipelines and water lines, can be built to cross sensitive areas like waterways, populated areas and roadways without disruption.

Before choose HDD system,we need make sue how much capacity the drilling will need,and the material we need do solids control,to do recycling more and reduce the waste,also friend for environment

GN’s engineer team will give suitable solution if have special need,custom design is most situation we will meet,and we are good at.

Normally DHH include 2 part:solids control and recycle

Equipment will have Shale shaker,Desander,Desilter,Centrifugal pump,submersible slurry pump,mud mixing hopper regular

GN drilling mud recycling system has been applied in many countries for HDD and CBM drilling operation.Especially popular in Australia ,Indonesia, India etc.With GN Solids America branch and GN Australia Partner, GN provide mud recycling system service and spares from Beijing, Houston, and Brisbane.

Use way of Vacuum pump

Vacuum pump is one of GN’s product when meet solids control situation

Sludge vacuum pump is a type of high load and strong suction capacity vacuum transferring pump,it is also called solids transferring pump or cuttings transfer pump. The unique structure design enables it work in the very tough circumstance with less maintenance. It is ideal equipment for transferring sludge with high solid content up to 80% and higb specific gravity material. Vacuum pump has below features : high efficiency Venturi device can produce a vacuum up to IO meters water column for material suction under high air flow circumstance. It is designed with compact structure, almost no wearing parts, for Mgh density material transferring like cu«ings and oily sludge etc.

Working Principle

  1. Material Suction

High pressure and high speed air gets into thejet air tube assembly via inlet (high vacuum is produced by the air pocket in the jet air tube assembly) producing high vacuum in the tank for material suction.

Air enters into the distribution pocket via inlet, vacuum produced in the air distribution pocket.(when restricted flow passes the contractible cross section, flow speed will increase. Flow speed is inversely proportional to the cross section, the increasing of speed will go with reducing of fluid pressure. Low pressure will be produced near high speed fluids, then produce suction action)

When low pressure produced at the air pocket, the air in the tank flows towards the air pocket and gets out together with compressed air and then vacuum produced in the tank.

When pressure inner tank is lower than ambient pressure, material will gets into the tank under atmospheric pressure. (6-9 meters for water suction height delivery distance is different due to material density and viscosity)

  1. Material Discharge
  2. After suction process, compressed air flow direction changes and gets into the material storage tank.Pressure inside tank will be higher and higher finally the material is discharged out under high pressure and flows to distance with compressed air. (Max. Horizontal distance 500-1000 meters, delivery distance is different due to material density and viscosity)

When installing, need use different tube for feeding and discharge ,to make sure pump running well

Any problem about install and test running,please contact GN’s service and sales

Decanter centrifuge and differential

Differential as the important part of decanter centrifuge,GN always use high quality part to keep equipment running stable

GN’s decanter centrifuge through the body of revolution (drum and spiral) high-speed, produce thousands of times the gravitational acceleration, rotating through the inlet into the body of solid, liquid layered material quickly, and through the differential of this device, the relative speed of revolving drum and spiral, the solid launched by decanter centrifuge solid phase, liquid flowed from machine, to achieve the effect of solids&liquid separation.

The differential in a horizontal spiral centrifuge is to ensure that the drum and spiral rotate at different angular speeds and achieve the best differential.

Differential

There are three kinds of differential transmission, planetary differential and hydraulic differential.

The cycloid differential compact structure, convenient installation, but the output torque is small, the applied to need big thrust separation fields such as iron and steel slag, coal mine wastewater, limitations, decanter centrifuge performance can’t running;

Planet differential relative structure is larger, the torque output is also very competitive, but when applied to the decanter centrifuge, installation dimensions of the machine performance is one sector, as the high-speed machines, even very small deviation will directly affect the quality of the performance of the machine;

Hydraulic pressure differential, complement each other, in the same size of cycloid differential case, can be output, even more than with the scope of application of planetary differential torque, because by hydraulic system to produce differential, in 1r/min to 25r/min range,can realize infinitely variable speed, greatly promoted the application of decanter centrifuge field.

GN’s 3VFD for bowl speed,differential speed,and pump capacity,and the VFD brand is ABB or SIEMENS,provide good/long service

Hydrocarbon Recovery Equipment Make GN Outstanding in China Separation Industries

GN Solids Control was firstly known as a manufacturer of drilling fluids recycling equipment that are used to remove the solids in the drilling fluids, thus the drilling fluids could be reused. In China, there are several this kinds of manufacturers who can fabricate the traditional solids control equipment like shale shaker, mud cleaner, agitator and mud tanks.
Keeping improving is one of GN’s features. In the past few years, GN has invested a lot on upgrading the traditional solids control equipment to make it easier for operation. Moreover, GN has developed many new products that keep GN a leader in the solids control industry. In the year of 2016, GN released the system for hydrocarbon recovery. It is an effective solution to treat the waste oily sludge.

Oil-sludge-Recovery-System
Oil Sludge Recovery

GN’s hydrocarbon recovery system is a three phase separation system. It includes primary coarse solids separation shaker package, fine solids separation centrifuge package and oil & water separation package.
The working principle of GN hydrocarbon recovery system is to remove the solid particles step by step from the oil sludge. The high G force drying shaker unit is equipment with hot water spraying system for better washing performance, this process will remove most of the oil content on the solids.
Decanter centrifuge is equipped with chemical dosing system for fine solids separation after demulsification process. GN’s dosing system could be used in all kinds of dewatering system for ultra fine solids separation.
The liquid discharged from the decanter centrifuge flows into the oil water separator package. Here an inclined plate clarifier is installed for further removing the remaining silt in the liquid for clarifying the oil and water mixer. Then the liquid mixer flows into the micro bubble separation for oil and water separating.
GN’s hydrocarbon recovery system makes GN a real separation solution provider other than a solids control equipment manufacturer. GN would like to communicate with all the clients on this hydrocarbon recovery system.